1/4/2023 0 Comments First bite book![]() ![]() Snake bites can have a variety of different signs and symptoms depending on their species. The most common first symptom of all snakebites is an overwhelming fear, which may contribute to other symptoms, and may include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, vertigo, fainting, tachycardia, and cold, clammy skin. However, there is vast variation in symptoms between bites from different types of snakes. The most common symptoms of any kind of snake envenomation. For example, in the United States, about seven to eight thousand people per year are bitten by venomous snakes (about one in 40 thousand people) and about five people die (about one death per 65 million people). Deaths are relatively rare in Australia, Europe and North America. They occur most commonly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, with rural areas more greatly affected. The frequency and severity of bites vary greatly among different parts of the world. They result in about 2.5 million envenomations and 20,000 to 125,000 deaths. The number of venomous snakebites that occur each year may be as high as five million. Supporting the person's breathing is sometimes also required. Antivenom has little effect on the area around the bite itself. An additional issue is the cost of these medications. In some areas of the world, getting the right type of antivenom is difficult and this partly contributes to why they sometimes do not work. When the type of snake is unknown, antivenom is often given based on the types known to be in the area. The type of antivenom needed depends on the type of snake involved. Antivenom is effective at preventing death from bites however, antivenoms frequently have side effects. Trying to suck out the venom, cutting the wound with a knife, or using a tourniquet is not recommended. Washing the wound with soap and water and holding the limb still is recommended. Treatment partly depends on the type of snake. Prevention of snake bites can involve wearing protective footwear, avoiding areas where snakes live, and not handling snakes. The purpose was to encourage research, expand accessibility of antivenoms, and improve snakebite management in " developing countries". Furthermore, the death toll of such an injury could range between 80,000 and 130,000 people per year. The WHO also estimates that between 4.5 and 5.4 million people are bitten each year, and of those figures 40-50% develop some kind of clinical illness as a result. The World Health Organization says snakebites are a "neglected public health issue in many tropical and subtropical countries", and in 2017, the WHO categorized snakebite envenomation as a Neglected Tropical Disease (Category A). Determining the type of snake that caused a bite is often not possible. Venomous snakes can be found on every continent except Antarctica. The majority of snake species do not have venom and kill their prey by squeezing them. Snakes commonly involved in envenomations include elapids (such as kraits, cobras and mambas), vipers, and sea snakes. Risk factors for bites include working outside with one's hands such as in farming, forestry, and construction. Snakes bite, both as a method of hunting, and as a means of protection. Allergic reactions to snake venom can further complicate outcomes and can include anaphylaxis, requiring additional treatment and in some cases resulting in death. Problems are often more severe in children than adults, due to their smaller size. The outcome depends on the type of snake, the area of the body bitten, the amount of snake venom injected, the general health of the person bitten and whether or not anti-venom serum has been administered by a doctor in a timely manner. Bites may result in the loss of a limb or other chronic problems or even death. The venom may cause bleeding, kidney failure, a severe allergic reaction, tissue death around the bite, or breathing problems. ![]() Fear following a bite is common with symptoms of a racing heart and feeling faint. Most bites are on the hands, arms, or legs. Vomiting, blurred vision, tingling of the limbs, and sweating may result. This may result in redness, swelling, and severe pain at the area, which may take up to an hour to appear. Sometimes venom injection from the bite may occur. ![]() A common sign of a bite from a venomous snake is the presence of two puncture wounds from the animal's fangs. Washing the wound with soap and water, antivenom Ī snakebite is an injury caused by the bite of a snake, especially a venomous snake. Protective footwear, avoiding areas where snakes live, not handling snakes Working outside with one's hands ( farming, forestry, construction) Two puncture wounds, redness, swelling, severe pain at the area īleeding, kidney failure, severe allergic reaction, tissue death around the bite, breathing problems, amputation, envenomation A rattlesnake bite on the foot of a 9-year-old girl in Venezuela ![]()
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